时间: 2025-04-26 08:12:19
美: ['sɝpləs]
英: ['sɜːpləs]
n. 剩余;[贸易] 顺差;盈余;过剩
adj. 剩余的;过剩的
最后更新时间:2025-04-26 08:12:19
词源分析:Surplus来源于拉丁语“superplus”,由“super”(超过)和“plus”(更多)构成,意指“超过的部分”。
历史背景:该词首次出现在中世纪英语,约在14世纪,主要用于经济和财务的上下文中。
课本:该词常见于中学和大学的经济学教材,适合8-12年级的学生。在牛津大学和美国的经济学、商学教材中也经常出现。
正式与非正式语境:
引用示例:
特殊场合:
引用示例:
The company has a surplus of goods that they plan to donate. (公司有多余的商品,计划捐赠。)
After budgeting, we found a surplus of $500 this month. (预算后,我们发现本月有500美元的盈余。)
The surplus agricultural products were exported to other countries. (多余的农产品被出口到其他国家。)
In economics, a surplus occurs when supply exceeds demand. (在经济学中,当供给超过需求时,就会出现盈余。)
The state has a surplus of funds to invest in public projects. (该州有多余的资金可用于公共项目投资。)
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音标记忆法:
词根记忆法:
通过以上分析,可以更好地理解和使用“surplus”这个单词。
[N-VAR] If there is a surplus of something, there is more than is needed. 过剩
例:...countries where there is a surplus of labour.…劳动力过剩的国家。
[ADJ] Surplus is used to describe something that is extra or that is more than is needed. 过剩的; 多余的
例:Few people have large sums of surplus cash.几乎没人有大笔的闲钱。
例:I sell my surplus birds to a local pet shop.我把我多余的鸟卖给一家当地的宠物店。
[N-COUNT] If a country has a trade surplus, it exports more than it imports. 顺差
例:Japan's annual trade surplus is in the region of 100 billion dollars.日本每年的贸易顺差约有一千亿美元。
[N-COUNT] If a government has a budget surplus, it has spent less than it received in taxes. 盈余
例:Norway's budget surplus has fallen from 5.9% in 1986 to an expected 0.1% this year.挪威的预算盈余已从1986年的5.9%下降到今年预计的0.1%。