时间: 2025-04-24 14:43:48
美: ['pʌnɪʃmənt]
英: ['pʌnɪʃm(ə)nt]
n. 惩罚;严厉对待,虐待
最后更新时间:2025-04-24 14:43:48
词源分析:该词源自拉丁语“punire”,意为“惩罚”,其词根为“pun-”与“punct-”相关,意指“刺”或“打击”,与惩罚的概念密切相关。
历史背景:Punishment 在古代法律文献中已有记录,其概念可以追溯到古代文明的法律体系。例如,汉谟拉比法典中就有关于惩罚的详细规定。
课本:该单词常出现于中学英语教材中,如**的《新概念英语》系列、牛津大学出版社的《Oxford English Language Course》、以及美国的《English Language Arts》课程中,适合初中及高中生。
正式与非正式语境:
特殊场合:在法律和心理学领域,punishment 被用来探讨行为科学和法律后果。例如:“The criminal justice system aims to ensure that punishment is fair and just.”(刑事司法系统旨在确保惩罚是公平和公正的。)
The teacher decided on a punishment for the student who cheated on the exam.
(老师对在考试中作弊的学生决定了惩罚。)
Many believe that harsh punishment does not deter crime effectively.
(许多人认为严厉的惩罚并不能有效阻止犯罪。)
The punishment for breaking the rules was a week of detention.
(违反规则的惩罚是一个星期的拘留。)
He felt that the punishment was too severe for the mistake he made.
(他觉得这个惩罚对他所犯的错误来说太严厉了。)
In some cultures, corporal punishment is still accepted as a form of discipline.
(在一些文化中,体罚仍被接受为一种纪律形式。)
同义词:
反义词:
通过以上分析,可以更深入地理解和运用“punishment”这个词汇。
[N-UNCOUNT] Punishment is the act of punishing someone or of being punished. 惩罚
例:...a group that campaigns against the physical punishment of children.…一个发起运动反对体罚儿童的组织。
[N-VAR] A punishment is a particular way of punishing someone. 处罚方式
例:The government is proposing tougher punishments for officials convicted of corruption.该政府正在提议对被判贪污罪的官员予以更严厉的处罚。
[N-UNCOUNT] You can use punishment to refer to severe physical treatment of any kind. 虐待; 糟蹋
例:Don't expect these boots to take the punishment that gardening will give them.别指望这样的靴子能经得起园艺活儿的糟蹋。