时间: 2025-04-24 13:52:59
美: ['ʃoldɚ]
英: ['ʃəʊldə]
n. 肩，肩膀；肩部
vt. 肩负，承担
vi. 用肩推挤，用肩顶
最后更新时间:2025-04-24 13:52:59
词源分析：该词源自古英语“sculdor”，可能与原始日耳曼语“skuldō”有关，意为“肩膀”。其词根“-dər”表示部位或场所。
历史背景：该词的首次使用可以追溯到大约公元前 1000 年的古英语文献中，随着语言的演变，变成了现代英语中的“shoulder”。
课本：在**的英语教材中，通常在初中或高中阶段会出现该词。在牛津和美国的教材中，也常在初中英语和高中英语课程中涉及。
正式与非正式语境：
特殊场合：
My shoulder hurts after lifting that heavy box.
He shrugged his shoulders in response to the question.
The burden of leadership rests heavily on her shoulders.
She placed her hand on my shoulder to comfort me.
The soldier stood at attention, shoulders squared.
同义词：
反义词：
音标记忆法：/ˈʃoʊldər/
谐音联想记忆：将“shoulder”联想为“手到肩”，联想到肩膀的功能和位置。
通过以上分析，可以更全面地理解“shoulder”这个词汇及其用法。
[N-COUNT] Your shoulders are between your neck and the tops of your arms. 肩
例：She led him to an armchair, with her arm round his shoulder.她把他领到扶手椅上，手臂搂住了他的肩膀。
[N-PLURAL] When you talk about someone's problems or responsibilities, you can say that they carry them on their shoulders. 承担
例：No one suspected the anguish he carried on his shoulders.没有人怀疑他所承受的痛苦。
[V-T] If you shoulder the responsibility or the blame for something, you accept it. 肩负
例：He has had to shoulder the responsibility of his father's mistakes.他不得不肩负起他父亲所犯错误的责任。
[V-T/V-I] If you shoulder someone aside or if you shoulder your way somewhere, you push past people roughly using your shoulder. 用肩推; 用肩挤着走
例：The policemen rushed past him, shouldering him aside.警察们从他身边匆匆走过，用肩膀把他推到了一边。
例：She could do nothing to stop him as he shouldered his way into the house.当他用肩推挤着进那房子时，她根本就阻止不了他。
[N-VAR] A shoulder is a cut of meat from the upper part of the front leg of an animal. 前腿肉
例：...shoulder of lamb.…羊的前腿肉。
[PHRASE] If someone offers you a shoulder to cry on or is a shoulder to cry on, they listen sympathetically as you talk about your troubles. 聆听倾诉者
例：Mrs. Barrantes longs to be at her daughter's side to offer her a shoulder to cry on.巴兰茨夫人希望能在女儿身边听她的倾诉。
[PHRASE] If you say that someone or something stands head and shoulders above other people or things, you mean that they are a lot better than them. 远远 (胜过)
例：The two candidates stood head and shoulders above the rest.这两名候选人远远胜过其他人。
[PHRASE] If two or more people stand shoulder to shoulder, they are next to each other, with their shoulders touching. 肩并肩地
例：They fell into step, walking shoulder to shoulder with their heads bent against the rain.他们步伐一致，肩并肩低着头冒雨走着。
[PHRASE] If people work or stand shoulder to shoulder, they work together in order to achieve something, or support each other. 同心协力地
例：They could fight shoulder-to-shoulder against a common enemy.他们能同心协力地抗击一个共同的敌人。